EN BLOCKCHAİN

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  1History 2Structure 2.1Blocks - Block Time - Hard Forks 2.2Decentralization 2.3Openness - Permissionless -  Permissioned (private) blockchain - Disadvantanges of Private Blockchain -BlockChain Analysis 3Uses 3.1Cryptocurrencies 3.2Smart contracts 3.3Financial services 3.4Video games 3.5Energy trading 3.6Supply chain 3.7Domain Names 3.8Other uses 4Types 4.1Public blockchains 4.2Private blockchains 4.3Hybrid blockchains 4.4Sidechains 5Academic research 5.1Adoption decision 5.2Collaboration 5.3Blockchain and internal audit 5.4Energy use of proof-of-work blockchains 5.5Journals

  A blockchain, originally block chain, is a growing list of records, called blocks, that are linked using cryptography. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp, and transaction data (generally represented as a Merkle tree). By design, a blockchain is resistant to modification of the data. It is "an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way". For use as a distributed ledger, a blockchain is typically managed by a peer-to-peer network collectively adhering to a protocol for inter-node communication and validating new blocks. Once recorded, the data in any given block cannot be altered retroactively without alteration of all subsequent blocks, which requires consensus of the network majority. Although blockchain records are not unalterable, blockchains may be considered secure by design and exemplify a distributed computing system with high Byzantine fault tolerance. Decentralized consensus has therefore been claimed with a blockchain. Blockchain was invented by a person (or group of people) using the name Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008 to serve as the public transaction ledger of the cryptocurrency bitcoin. The identity of Satoshi Nakamoto remains unknown to date. The invention of the blockchain for bitcoin made it the first digital currency to solve the double-spending problem without the need of a trusted authority or central server. The bitcoin design has inspired other applications, and blockchains that are readable by the public are widely used by cryptocurrencies. Blockchain is considered a type of payment rail. Private blockchains have been proposed for business use. Sources such as Computerworld called the marketing of such blockchains without a proper security model "snake oil".

   

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